Slow sleep and paradoxical sleep in the hen

Paradoxical Sleep - A Study of its Nature and Mechanisms

Michel Jouvet
Progress In Brain Research Vol. 18 Sleep Mechanisms 1965

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction

Evidence of the duality of the states of sleep

(a) EEG and behavioural findings

(b) Phylogenetic findings

(c) Ontogenetic findings

(d) Functional findings

(e) Structural findings

Mechanisms of paradoxical sleep

(a) Producing P.S. as a reflex

(b) Results of deafferentations

(c) Role of the hypothalamus and pituitary

(d) Deprivation of P.S. in the pontile animal

(e) Effects of temperature on P.S. in the pontile animal

(f) Action of gamma-butyrolactone (G.B.L.)

(g) Osmolarity of the blood and paradoxical sleep

Discussion

(a) Duality of the states of sleep

(b) Mechanisms underlying the appearance of P.S.

Summary and Conclusions

Figures

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Figure 5 : Slow sleep and paradoxical sleep in the hen

(1) Wakefulness: fast activity in the hyperstriatum (EEG).

(2) Slow sleep: slow, high-voltage activity in the hyperstriatum. No true spindles.

(3) Paradoxical sleep (lasting 8 sec): considerable reduction, but not complete disappearance, of nuchal EMG activity; fast, low-voltage cerebral activity; note the burst of eye movements (EM). Bradycardia is also present.

Scale: 1 sec; 50 microV.

From Klein et al., 1964.